高精密工具機液靜壓主軸組裝技術

機械與系統領域工業基礎技術研究計畫

液體靜壓軸承精度高、剛度大、壽命長、吸振抗震性能好，主要用於精密加工機械，尤其是鏡面研磨加工領域，更是液靜壓主軸強項，因為是非接觸式之軸承，理論上正常使用下可不需維修，液靜壓軸承工作時，軸承腔體內之心軸被一層靜壓壓力油膜浮起，當馬達驅動心軸旋轉時，軸承油腔內由於階梯效應自然形成動靜壓承載油膜，因此實際上主軸運轉時，油膜剛度是軸承靜態剛度與動態剛度的疊加，有很強的承載能力，同時壓力油膜的「均化」作用可使主軸迴轉精度明顯優於一般滾珠軸承。

The features of hydrostatic bearing are high accuracy, high rigidity, long service life and excellent vibration absorption which be mainly applied to precise processing machines, especially in mirror grinding field . Because that are non-touch bearings , theoretically, no maintenance are required under normal work. When hydrostatic bearings are worked, the core spindle in bearing cavity are floated by a film layer generated by hydrostatic pressure. When spindle rotory and drived by motor, due to ladder effect, hydraulic loading lubricant film is naturally formed in the lubricant rooms of bearings. Therefore, when spindles rotate, the rigidity of lubricant film is exactly the overlay addition of both static rigidity and dynamic rigidity of bearings. Meanwhile, due to the averaging function caused by pressured lubricant films, the rotary accuracy of spindles is better than ordinary ball bearings.